Homeland Security Essay

The challenge to traditional policing issued in the mid-seventies has created a new concept of policing and that is the billet of policing in homeland security. In the wake of the September 11 terrorist attacks in 2001, the federal administration has shifted to a policy of homeland security, and part of that has incorporated local anesthetic firefighters and local constabulary agencies (Oliver & Hilgenberg, 2004). But the creation has a lot of inadequacies.First, so much confusion still abounds in terms of what homeland security means is it hardly being more watchful for suspicious activities, is it intelligence gathering on the part of patrol officers, or is it standing guard at come-at-able terrorist targets in their jurisdictions? Another inadequacy is not so much ascertain if local police are going to turn of events a part in this new frequent policy but rather what role they can tactic. And, beyond determining what role the police will play in homeland security, the natural extension of this is to ask who will pay.Moreover, as the public policy of homeland security is clearly a interior(a) policy issue, it would seem that the policy will be an inter political relational one drive by the presidential validation. While in that respect have been some intergovernmental surrender programs implemented, many of these have been slow to reach the local level, raising get along questions as to what role state and local police can play without the necessary resources. While it is too soon to determine how this new policy will play out in terms of policing in America, there is little doubtfulness that this will be an active part of the public policy process in policing for years to come.As America answered chop-chop to the attacks by educating themselves on terrorism and demanding action from government, the president and the U. S. Congress right away began a process of restructuring government to focus on antiterrorism (prevention techniques) a nd counterterrorism (how to actively respond to terrorists) measures in order to meet these new demands. The creation of the Office of mother country protection and its subsequent passage as a cabinet-level department is an lean that the national government is moving in this direction.In addition, many of the grants for local agencies are now centered on homeland security, and perhaps near telling is the fact that the Office of Community Oriented Policing Services had its reckon slashed by the Bush administration, but the Department of Homeland credentials has seen its budget allocations increase substantially. Although only time will tell if American law enforcement has entered into a new era of policing, there is little doubt that homeland security has become an overriding policy of the current administration and that, it will continue to be at least until January 2009 (Office of Homeland Security , 2002).Hence, a get upd response to Homeland Security was respectable for in teragency operations. That is wherefore President George W. Bush signed the Homeland Security Act into law on November 25, 2002 ( discipline Public Radio, 2002). It has been touted to be the greatest reorganisation of the federal government since the beginning of the Cold War. Several departments have been assigned to the new depository for Homeland Security.Some of the agencies transferred to the Homeland Security (DHS) include the United States sneaking(a) Service, National Infrastructure Protection Center, Energy Assurance Office, National communications System, United States Coast Guard, Customs Service, transfer of training Security Administration, Federal cautionary Service, Functions of the Immigration and Naturalization Service, Office of Domestic Preparedness, Selected functions of the Department of Agriculture, Federal justice Enforcement Training Center, National Bio-Weapons Defense Analysis Center, Nuclear threat sound judgement programs, Federal Emergency Manage ment Agency, Domestic Emergency Support Team, metropolitan Medical Response System, National Disaster Medical System, Strategic National Stockpile of the Department of Public Health, Nuclear Incident Response Team, A new Bureau of Citizenship and Immigration Services.Further, this new department is arranged under five Under Secretaries for (1) Information Analysis and Infrastructure, (2) Science and Technology, (3) Border and Transportation Security, (4) Emergency Preparedness and Response, and (5) Management Services (Oliver, 341-342). The purpose of this massive reorganization of course is to centralize government planning and response. The DHS has been charged to cooperate and coordinate with state and local governments. The CIA and FBI remain separate agencies. In the homeland security, the government is calling for full participation by state and local agencies. Hence, it is good as it seeks to develop cooperative relationships with existing police agencies and homeland defens e team managers need to negotiate power sharing arrangements with state and local police.